3. TOPOGRAPHIC ANATOMY AND OPERATIVE SURGERY OF ANTERIOR AND POSTERIOR REGIONS OF THE SHOULDER, ELBOW AND FOREARM

Topics of the lesson: Shoulder region: borders, layers, fascial-cellular formations; topography of the neurovascular structures of the shoulder; position of fragments at humerus fractures. Elbow region: borders, layers, cubital fossa; fascial formations. Elbow joint: articular capsule, its weak points, ligament apparatus; blood supply and innervation of the elbow joint; position of the bones at joint dislocation. Forearm region: borders, layers, fascial-cellular formations; topography of the neurovascular structures; position of fragments at forearm bones fractures. Distal radioulnar joint: borders, articular capsule, its weak points, ligament apparatus; synovial sheaths of tendon; blood supply and innervation of the joint.

3.1. Highlight in different colors and draw the borders of anterior and posterior regions of the shoulder in Fig. 3.1:

Fig. 3.1. Regions of the upper limb

Superior_

Inferior_

Lateral_

Medial_

3.2. Determine which third of the shoulder (upper, middle, or lower) is featured in Fig. 3.2 and name structures in English and Latin.

Fig. 3.2. Topography of the shoulder region

3.3. Sign the names of the nerves that provide cutaneous innervation of the V-X zones

in Fig. 3.3.

Fig. 3.3. Zones of cutaneous sensitivity of the upper limb

3.4. Explain the situation in this clinical case.

During training, the gymnast was injured: displacement of the humeral head. What direction of displacement of the humeral head is most likely and why? Give a topographic and anatomical justification.

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3.5. Choose the correct answer.

The content of the posterior fascial compartment of the arm is:

1) biceps brachii muscle;

2) triceps brachii muscle;

3) coracobrachialis muscle;

4) pronator teres muscle;