1.1. INTRODUCTION
Nowadays, humanity is at constant risk of emergency situations of global, regional and local scale. These emergencies can be catastrophic and result in loss of large numbers of lives, destruction of buildings and infrastructure. They destroy life support systems which often leads to epidemics and environmental implications. Emergencies can arise in any state and go beyond its borders, have a cross-border nature. State structures and the population should be prepared for emergency situations. The life and health of the population will depend on the availability of appropriate forces and means and their effective functioning. In different countries of the world, issues of emergency prevention and cleanup of its after-effects are addressed differently. In developed countries, there are usually appropriate systems that may differ from each other organizationally but perform similar tasks. Various formations and institutions regardless of departmental affiliation and form of ownership, participate in the prevention of emergency situations and relieving its consequences.